Pictures:
Books for the very young are often written so that the picture will
match the text exactly. Children learn to use the picture as a clue
to what is written.
Letter Sounds:
Sounding out the letters of a word can be a useful strategy when the
word is spelt exactly the way it sounds.
Letter blends:
The reader knows that when certain letters are put together, they
make a certain sound. eg ch and ur as in church - a child who knows
these sounds and letter blends, will be able to work out what the
word says, even if they have never seen it before.
Flow of language:
children who are exposed to lots of language, know it must sound a
certain way, and so can often guess what text says by using this
knowledge.
Prediction:
A natural sense of "what comes
next?" that has been developed by previous
experience.
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